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Clusterisation is undoubtedly the most economical, organized and self-sustaining driving mechanism for cleaner leather production. The Indian Tannery sector has particularly shown shifting trend from scattered units to clusters in recent decade with complete homogeneity i.e. industries involved only in tannery and allied activities. The paper gives insight into tannery clusters in India, with comparison of cluster characteristics and waste management practices in tannery intensive states. Study identifies 113 Tannery Clusters in India, tannery intensive states being Tamil Nadu (15 Clusters), Uttar Pradesh (13 Clusters), West Bengal (7 Clusters) and Punjab (15 clusters). Other States with prominence of tannery activities are Haryana(9 clusters), Maharashtra (13 clusters), Bihar (12 clusters), Andhra Pradesh,(7 clusters), Rajasthan (11 clusters), with fewer units in Gujarat (2 clusters), Karnataka (1 cluster at Bangalore), Odisha (4 Clusters), Delhi (2 clusters), Himachal Pradesh (1 cluster), Uttarakhand (1 cluster)and Goa (scattered units). Micro scale units are not considered in this study as the study pertains to small and medium enterprises. Jalandhar (Punjab) cluster has highest number of Medium scale units and second highest number of large scale units (10) after Tamil Nadu (13), inspite of the huge difference in total number of units in the clusters (110 in Jalandhar as against 704 in Tamil Nadu). Unit wise Tamil Nadu (704) has the highest number of units involved in tannery activities, followed by, West Bengal. Calcutta Leather Complex (462), Uttar Pradesh, Jajmau (405), and Punjab, Jalandhar (110). Tannery is the only sector with highest number of dedicated CETPs showing a strong initiative for greener indentation. Study reveals that 42 % of the total number of tannery clusters in four tannery intensive states is connected to CETP. Tamil Nadu has 93.3 % of units connected to CETP, followed by Uttar Pradesh (30.8%), West Bengal (14.3%) and Punjab (13.3%).

Tannery Clusters in India and waste management practices in tannery intensive states – inventory and status