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The main target of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Ficus sycomorus L. leaves (FSLs) against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and the possible mechanisms behind this effect in experimental rats. 30 male albino rats (Sprague Dawley strain) weighing 98.61 ± 5.87 g were used and randomly divided into five equal groups including the control besides HFD, HFD + 2.5% FSLs, HFD + 5% FSLs and HFD + 7.5% FSLsfed groups. High fat diet was prepared using 20% fat (19% sheep tallow + 1% soybean oil), while basal diet contained 4% soybean oil. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. Feed intake, body weight gain and liver weight/ body weight (%) were finally calculated. Leptin, pancreatic lipase, glucose, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, urea and creatinine were also determined in serum. Moreover, livers of sacrificed rats were histopathologically examined. Results indicated that feeding on high fat diet resulted in a significant increase in body weight, relative liver weight and the serum concentrations of leptin, pancreatic lipase, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, urea and creatinine, while daily feed intake and serum HDL-C were significantly declined. Addition of dried FSLs to high fat diet led to a significant decrease in body weight gain, relative liver weight and the serum levels of leptin and pancreatic lipase. They also showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, improved liver and kidney functions and reversed the marked lesion noticed in liver tissue. In general, the more the dose used, the better the effect noticed. Accordingly, it was concluded that Ficus sycomorus L. leaves could hinder weight gain and prevent its related disorders. So, dietary supplementation with Ficus sycomorus L. leaves should be implicated in the antiobesity strategies.

Effect of Ficus sycomorus L. Leaves on High Fat Diet-Fed Rats: Possible Mechanisms behind the Prevention of Obesity and Its Related Disorders