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The deviation of the actual size of production to the optimum size leads to wastage in the use of resources and raising of production costs, then achieve may an inefficiency in production. In other words, farmers do not achieve the appropriate economic sizes. The use of production costs, in the identifying what achieved by production units from economic efficiency, considers one of the most important economic indicators. The aim of the research was to estimate the function of cowpea production and costs to used in the cost and profit efficiency and determination of the optimal sizes. This research adopted a random sample of 80 farmers, representing 3.5% of the crop growers in Baghdad province. The estimation was done by using the cubic formula which was the most compatible with economic and statistical logic. It was found that the optimal size of the production was 9.01 tons and the higher profit size was 12.6 tons, meaning that 89.7% of the farmers produced sizes less than optimal size which indicated by the technical efficiency of 45%, the net income at the low costs production level was 11292,48 dinars, the net income achieved at the higher profit production level was 13997.1 dinars, the profitability efficiency of the low costs production level was 69%, the profit efficiency was 29%, and the area achieving the economic efficiency was 19.12 dunum, while the average of actual area of the sample was 9.7dunum. It was found that most of the farmers planted less of the area that achieved the economic size. The research recommended the necessity of raising cowpea production level and subsidizing production requirements prices and the expansion in the cultivation of this important crop.

Evaluation of Cost and Profit Efficiency of Cowpea Production by using Cost Function / Baghdad Province Case-study