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Background: Controlling and relieving acute postoperative pain is one of the nurses' vital roles. Massage is an independent nursing intervention that can be applied to a patient who is in pain. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hand and foot massage on alleviating pain and anxiety of patients who had abdominal surgery. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted over a period of eight months for 60 women who had abdominal surgery. The participants were recruited from one of the big teaching hospitals in Cairo and quasirandomly allocated into the intervention or control group. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-form Y-2) were used alongside a background/medical data sheet to collect the data. A foot and hand massage was performed for twenty-minutes for three days. Results: Although there was no significant difference between the massage and control groups' pain intensity at baseline (Day-1-pre test) (p>0.05), the intervention group had a significantly higher decrease in pain intensity than the control group after applying a massage (p ≤ 0.000). Over 96% of the intervention group experienced moderate/severe anxiety, while 100% of the control group experienced moderate/very severe anxiety at baseline with no significant difference (p > 0.05). After the three sessions of hand and foot massage, the intervention group showed a remarkably lower score of anxiety than the control group (p= 0.000). Conclusion: Hand and foot massage was significantly associated with the reduction of pain and anxiety intensity. It can therefore be used as a complementary method to reduce pain and anxiety in post-operative patients. A larger randomized study of males and females is required to generalize the findings.

iosr journal of nursing and health science

The Effect of hand and foot massage on alleviating pain and anxiety of abdominal post-operative patients at a University Hospital: A randomized control trial