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Improving the performance of flexible road pavements has been one of the major concerns in highway engineering, due mainly to the twin problems of temperature and oxidation that impede its performance. For instance at very high temperatures the binder (i.e. asphalt) in the concrete will become too soft and tend to separate from the pavement therefore becomes fluid and ready to flow under traffic loads. On the other hand when there is excessive oxidation the pavement suffers from air entrainment in the pores of the concrete thereby creating voids (i.e. air voids and VMA) beyond allowable limits. These parameters are actually major determinants in the stiffness and strains that control fatigue life of the pavement during its useful life. The present study sought measures of reducing these parameters such that the overall life of the pavement can be enhanced. On this basis candle wax was used to re-characterize asphalt concretes used synonymously to symbolize flexible pavement with a focus of modifying voids and flow properties. Results revealed that air voids was reduced by 22.7%, 16.7% and 16.7% for light, medium and heavy traffic respectively. Also VMA was reduced by 48%, 39.7% and 53.4% for light, medium and heavy traffic respectively. Finally, flow was reduced by 27.3%, 22.2% and 13.7% for light, medium and heavy traffic respectively.

iosr journal of mechanical and civil engineering

The role of candle wax as non-bituminous modifier in material recharacterization of bituminous concretes used synonymously for flexible pavement- study on voids and flow