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Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Hyperglycemia along with hyperlipidemia leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Leptin is an adipose tissue derived hormone which primarily acts on hypothalamus to regulate hunger and satiety. The aim of this study is to see the leptin levels in non-obese diabetes mellitus patients and its association with chronic complications. The difference in serum leptin levels among gender in the study population is statistically significant. Leptin level is significantly higher in diabetic patients with complications. This is due to the inflammatory property of leptin responsible for vascular inflammation, increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and resultant intimal hyperplasia. Leptin also has a negative correlation with HbA1c.

Serum Leptin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Chronic Complications