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The evaluation of a neck mass is a common clinical condition to which an ENT clinician routinely encounters. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick and cost effective method to sample superficial masses found in the neck. It causes minimal trauma to the patient and carries virtually no risk of complication. Masses located within the region of head and neck including salivary glands and thyroid masses can be readily diagnosed using this technique. Material and Method: The material consists of 100 patients with neck swellings coming to the ENT OPD at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. The period of study was one year. All the cases of neck swellings was sent to department of pathology where fine needle aspiration biopsy was done with 21-23 gauge needle attached to the 10ml plastic disposable syringe. Air dried smears were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin and MAYGRUNWALD-GIEMSA stain whereas 95% ethyl alcohol fixed smears were stained by papanicoloau stain. Results: Of the 100 cases clinically evaluated, 48 were lymph node swellings, 41 were thyroid swellings, 5 were salivary gland swellings and 6 were other swelling. Maximum number of patients was between the age group of 1140 yrs. Lymph node aspiration was carried on in 48 cases, which was the commonest swelling in our study. 35 of these lymph node cytology reports were similar to HPE report. 7 were not similar to HPE and 6 reports were inconclusive. Of the 41 thyroid swelling aspirates 23 cytological reports were similar to HPE reports and 18 reports did not match with HPE reports. The sensitivity of Fine needle aspiration cytology was 66.32%, specificity was 70.4% and accuracy 68.5% (p value <0.001) Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration is its ability to determine the diagnostic categorization of a mass in the neck independent of the determination of either malignant or benign growth. This is particularly useful for patient presenting first time with neck mass as the only finding. Fine needle aspiration cytology offers a simple method of diagnosis of neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions in the neck. It serves as complementary procedure to Histopathological examination. Hence we conclude that Fine needle aspiration cytology is a safe, simple and rapid method that can be done in diagnosing wide range of neck swellings.

Clinicopathological Study of Neck Masses in Patients Attending ENT out Patient Department of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi