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Background: Cytological pleomorphism is a unique and well exhibited phenomenon during oral carcinogenesis. Genesis and occurrence of cytological atypias in oral epithelium of carcinoma patients help the Cytopathologists in determining the type of tumor and even in early detection. Materials and Methods: In a case- control study, samples in the form of exfoliated scraped cytosmear were collected from the affected sites of the clinically diagnosed 136 oral cancer patients and were immediately fixed in acetoalcohol (1:3). The wet fixed smears were stained by routine Papanicolaou’s staining protocol and Giemsa’s solution. Stained tissues were studied under the microscope. Out of one thousand cells screened,well defined cytological atypias were scored. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) was calculated after taking the area of the cytoplasm (C) and nucleus (N) of the respective cell. The findings were statistically analyzed and interpreted with respect to oral sites and sexes. Results and Discussion: The keratinized spindle cell is the predominant atypia in the human oral spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC), which shows both cytological and nuclear pleomorphism and identifiable mitoses. Increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in KSCs was found to be 1:11.6 in males and 1:9.5 in females indicates the state of malignancy. Conclusion: Occurrence of KSCs in oral epithelia has a practical utility in early detection and diagnosis of human oral carcinoma during carcinogenesis.

Keratinized Spindle Cell: A Diagnostic Cytological Atypia In Human Oral Carcinoma