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Background: Pregnancy and childbirth are special events in women’s lives and their families. Care of women during pregnancy is the most effective health interventions for safer and healthier outcome. Accessibility, quality of care, personal attitudes and socioeconomic characteristics affect on antenatal care (ANC) service use. This study was carried out to explore ANC service utilization pattern and contributing factors in a rural area of Belgaum in relation to generate Community based data of India for addressing the contributing factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2012 to January 2013 in rural Belgaum Karnataka, India. All together 630 mothers with under one year child were interviewed by using pretested structure questionnaire after taking written consent. Analysis was done in computer based software; SPSS-20 version applying appropriate statistics. Results: Out of 630 participants; 54.6% were 20-24 years of age, 61.6% were having secondary education, 89.8% were house wives and 91.6% were Hindus. About 69.7% were from joint family with low economic status. Almost 94.8% were registered for ANC service, 85.7% visited ≥3 times, 66.0% visited during first trimester and 42.3% visited in primary healthcare Centre. Three-fifth of the participants resided ≤6 Km. far from health service facilities. Education, family income, knowledge on ANC, distance of health facility from residence and transportation cost were significant contributors (p<0.05) of ANC service utilization. Conclusion: ANC service utilization rate in rural Belgaum is higher than the national level figure available till date. Education, income, knowledge level, distances and transportation cost were significant contributors. Effort to bring about to significant change in major factors at individual and community level supports to increase the full ANC service use.

Antenatal care service utilization and contributing factors: a community based study in rural Belgaum, Karnataka, India