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Transport sector is one of the biggest contributors to changing climate in cities around the world. Prior studies on many urban locations both in Asia as well as EU have reported that there is a strong positive relation between number of vehicles and temperature change in a given location. However, no research has been reported investigating this topic in Kolkata. This paper investigates the relation between the growth of personal vehicles (cars and two wheelers) and change in annual mean temperatures in the city of Kolkata. I have created a time series database collating secondary data obtained from multiple sources for the period between 1984 and 2010 and used regression analysis technique to test the relationship between growth of personal vehicles and change in mean annual temperature. The analysis shows that mean minimum temperature in Kolkata has increased from 21.8° C (1984) to 23° C (2010) an increase of 1.2°C in the last twenty five years. There is a clear evidence of warming at night with increase of mean minimum temperature. The regression results suggest a positive and significant relationship between growth of personal vehicles and change in mean annual temperature and the trend line has a positive r value of +0.52. Understandably, the emissions of carbon monoxide, lead, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc. from vehicles contribute to this increase. The paper concludes by suggesting some remedial measures emphasizing on the role of public transport to mitigate climate change through the reduction of green house gas emissions.

“The Impact of Vehicular Explosion on Annual Means Temperature in the Urban Environment- A Case Study of Kolkata.