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Today, Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging technology. The routing problems in heterogeneous network become popular research area in the field of VANET for supporting different aspects of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications. With the progress of wireless radio technology, telecommunication, various wireless specifications and protocols form the heterogeneous network. In this paper, we integrate cellular (3G) network and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) into a hybrid network. This hybrid network is called heterogeneous wireless network (HWN) with multi-cells design to overcome the limitation of cellular network and Ad-Hoc network. We also, propose a routing algorithm for HWN. The simulation results show that HWN with the proposed routing algorithm has minimum request block rate and transmission time. (a) One is proactive protocol, in which all VNs proactively keep the information of their neighbors in information table. The information stored in the table of VNs includes number of hopes, TTL, transmit rate, etc. When some VN start route request message, this protocol can be aware of the adjacent VNs' state without any extra discovery and delay. Hence, adjacent VNs must periodically exchange the information to get the timely bring up to date of their information table. The period of updating-table time T in proactive routing protocol relies on the routing table update mechanism. When T is low, outdated routing table information in VN is unavoidable. When T is high, there will be needless overhead of updating routing table. Moreover, not all of VNs deliver and receive data in each moment in time. Therefore, such protocol is not included in the proposed algorithm. (b) The other category is reactive protocol, which couples with the on-demand nature. This protocol eliminates the need of updating table information among adjacent VNs. When a VN uses this protocol, it takes some time during the process of route discovery. The proposed routing algorithm in this paper uses reactive routing protocol as it eliminates the need of updating table information so that unnecessary use of bandwidth can be avoided.

Routing Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Network in VANET