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As reformas recentes na legislacao trabalhista de Brasil e Franca abriram uma porta para a comparacao. A rationale que as presidiu tem inspiracao comum: a flexibilizacao das formas de uso do trabalho em paises nos quais a legislacao era reputada muito rigida, dificultando o ajuste das empresas as mudancas constantes na competitividade mundial. Embora Brasil e Franca ocupem lugares muito distintos na divisao internacional do trabalho, e sofram pressoes competitivas tambem distintas, os motivos alegados pelos reformadores dos dois lados sao espantosamente semelhantes. Modernizacao das relacoes de trabalho, geracao de empregos (e combate ao desemprego), crescimento economico, melhoria da renda dos trabalhadores e das condicoes de trabalho. Mas a promessa de seguranca socioeconomica vem acompanhada de formas de regulacao que geram, na verdade, inseguranca no emprego, na renda e nos direitos trabalhistas. O estudo procura avaliar algumas dimensoes dessa inseguranca, comparando os dois paises em torno da nocao de “precariedade”. LABOR REFORMS AND THEIR MARKETS: a comparison Brazil-France Recent reforms in labor legislation in Brazil and France have opened a door for comparison. The rationale behind them has a common inspiration: flexibilization of forms of labor use in countries where legislation was considered very rigid, making it difficult for companies to adjust to constant changes in global competitiveness. Although Brazil and France occupy very different places in the international division of labor, and face different competitive pressures, the motivation of the reformers on both sides are strikingly similar. Modernization of labor relations, job creation, reduction of unemployment, economic growth, improvement of workers’ income and working conditions. But the promise of socioeconomic security is accompanied by forms of regulation that actually generate insecurity in employment, income, and labor rights. The study tries to evaluate some dimensions of this insecurity, comparing the two countries around the notion of “precariousness”. Key words:  Brazil; France; Labor reform; Socioeconomic insecurity; Precariousness LES REFORM ES DU TRAVAIL ET LEURS MARCHES: une comparaison Bresil-France Les reformes recentes de la legislation du travail au Bresil et en France ont ouvert une porte a la comparaison. Elles sont inspirees par une logique commune : la flexibilisation des formes d’utilisation de la main-d’œuvre dans des pays ou la legislation etait consideree comme tres rigide, empechant les entreprises de s’adapter aux changements de la competitivite mondiale. Bien que le Bresil et la France occupent des positions tres distinctes dans la division internationale du travail avec des pressions concurrentielles differentes, les motivations des reformateurs des deux cotes sont remarquablement similaires. Modernisation des relations de travail, creation d’emplois (et lutte contre le chomage), croissance economique, amelioration du revenu et des conditions de travail des travailleurs. Mais la promesse de securite socio-economique s’accompagne de formes de regulation qui generent effectivement une insecurite en matiere d’emploi, de revenu et de droits du travail. L’etude evalue certaines dimensions de cette insecurite en comparant les deux pays autour de la notion de “precarite”. Key words:  Bresil; France; Reforme du travail; Insecurite socioeconomique; Precarite

REFORMAS TRABALHISTAS E SEUS MERCADOS: uma comparação Brasil-França