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In the previous paper it has been proposed and preliminary studied a new class of general relativistic effects following from switching out of radiation from the cosmological expansion flow at crossing the largest gravitationally-bound regions, such as galaxy clusters. In the present paper more consistent theory of such stasis effects is formulated and its observational consequences are considered, particularly, in this first part of paper the corrections to observational data for Type 1а supernovae are presented. Preservation of frequency and intensity of radiation at crossing large number of clusters leads to sufficient decreasing of observable redshifts z and higher apparent luminosities of sources. Only normal redshifts z’ of photons not crossed clusters, which give true distances exceeding the distances following from z, are directly related with the scale factor. The effects increase for distant objects because of smaller inter-cluster distances at early epochs. The existence of the stasis effects for radiation leads not only to new and more exact data analysis methods in extragalactic astrophysics and cosmology, but also to the revising of distance scales and properties of objects all classes. PACS: 98.80.Es, 97.60.Bw, 98.65.Cw, 98.62.Py, 98.62.Ck, 98.62.Qz, 98.80.Jk Кеу words: cosmology, gravitation, galaxy clusters, supernovae, redshift Content Introduction  7 1. Radiation stasis regions in clusters and their size  8 2. Decreasing of observing redshifts with respect to the normal ones due to the stasis effects in clusters  10 3. Stasis effects corrections to apparent luminosities and redshifts of SN 1a  13 Conclusion  14 References  14

The frequency and intensity stasis effects for radiation crossed galaxy clusters. 1. Localized sources