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Nowadays non–edible minor oils have been considered as promising sustainable feedstock for future biodiesel production. Three tree–borne minor seed oils from Annona squamosa (AS), Bombax ceiba (BC) and Ceiba pentandra (CP) plants were studied to assess their potentiality as sources of biodiesel. The seed oils were analyzed for their physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition. The AC seed oil was converted into biodiesel by single step NaOH catalyzed transesterification process without any pretreatment as its FFA content was below the 2 % safe limit. The BC and CP seed oils had high FFA content for which they were converted into biodiesel employing acid esterification followed by alkaline transesterification. The biodiesel yields under the experimental conditions for AS, BC and CP seed oils were 89.4 %, 86.2 % and 85.6 % respectively. The important fuel properties of the seed oil biodiesels such as density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cetane number, calorific value and oxidation stability were tested which revealed that most of them were close to that of diesel and also met the IS and ASTM standard specification for commercial biodiesel. The suitability of seed oil biodiesels blended with diesel was also evaluated. Oil content, biodiesel yield and fuel properties of these three tree–borne oilseeds were satisfactory, therefore, they can be considered as potential sources of biodiesel production. Keyword: biodiesel, tree–borne seed oils, Annona squamosa, Bombax ceiba, Ceiba pentandra

BIODIESEL PRODUCTION AND FUEL PROPERTIES OF THREE MINOR TREE–BORNE SEED OILS