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American Petroleum Institute (API) and its member companies have initiated a multi-year research program to generate information that can be used in subsea dispersant application decision-making. An important part of this program is the evaluation of biodegradation and toxicity of oil, dispersants and dispersed oil in a deepwater environment. The available scientific literature was reviewed by a panel of international experts in deepwater ecology, toxicology, microbiology, and petroleum chemistry, who summarized the state of the knowledge on these topics and recommended additional studies that would inform subsea dispersants decision-making. The recommended research projects have been funded by API. This paper summarizes findings to-date on toxicity and biodegradation of oil, dispersants and dispersed oil in deep water environments.

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A Consensus on the State of the Knowledge and Research Recommendations on the Fate and Effects of Deep Water Releases of Oil, Dispersants and Dispersed Oil