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The paper uses a current, significant spill incident (November 1997, Cork, Ireland) to discuss a number of planning and spill management issues. The paper demonstrates how the adoption of certain simple but crucial spill management techniques can allow the cleanup of the spill to proceed successfully. Comment is made on the significance of unwieldy spill management systems. The incident occurred at a single site refinery operation in Cork, Ireland. The incident involving fuel oil spilt from the refineiy will highlight pertinent issues as they existed in that local area, the state, and European community. The primary questions asked in the paper are: did the existing plan work? Was it executed correctly? How was the spill managed initially? How was the spill managed in the subsequent weeks?, The main content of the paper will be given to discussion about how the refinery's staff and support organisations initial response and how—with the adoption of simple but workable management systems—the situation was brought under control. More specific issues such as how a small volume of a persistent oil can be more problematic than first understood by less-experienced responders; Actually understanding the numbers of personnel and equipment resources that are required; and resources necessary for shoreline cleanup, especially in an area of difficult foreshore access and differing shoreline types. The importance of resource management and financial control from the very outset of the response activities will be highlighted in the paper. Conclusions will be made on cost comparison of cleanup of other spills at the time and whether large response management systems are effective in certain situations.

Planning Vs. Execution During a “Real” Spill Incident: Plan Vs. Reality