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Relatively few data exist on the effects of oil and dispersing agents on tropical wetlands. This is true despite extensive near-shore and onshore drilling, onshore refining, and transportation of oil through the past decade in tropical areas of the world. This paper reports on preliminary results from a laboratory experiment on the toxicity of oil and dispersants to mangroves (tropical marine forests). A controlled-growth chamber with regulated light, temperature, and humidity was used to monitor growth and stress responses. Seedlings of the mangrove genera Rhizophora and Avicennia were selected for study since they represent species found growing along most oil-sensitive, tropical shorelines. Mangrove seedlings were treated with three oil types (bunker C, No. 2 fuel oil, and light Arabian crude), both with and without a dispersant concentrate added. The plants were dosed with oil at 25, 50, 500, 5,000, and 50,000 parts per million; dispersant concentrates were added as a well-mixed, unweathered dilution with oil in a 1:22 ratio. From these results, preliminary conclusions are drawn regarding the differential response of mangrove species, different oil and dispersant combinations, and the difference in response to oil and dispersants by stocks of mangroves from chronically oiled environments.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTING OF OIL AND DISPERSANTS ON MANGROVES