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Since the discovery of anaphylaxis by Richð¥t in 1902, the relationship between allergy and immunity has been studied extensively by many investigators. The opinions of those investigators, however, are quite divergent. Such confusion seems to come from the idea that immunity is always established by antibody alone. But, it is not yet known whether or not the anti-infectious immunity is always established by the formation of antibody alone. Generally speaking, moreover, immunity and allergy are not always developed by the antigen antibody reaction of the same nature. Thus, in order to clarify the fundamental relationship between immunity and allergy, studies should be carried out on those cases in which both of them are caused by the same antigen antibody reaction. As for antitoxic immunity, it has hitherto been believed that the immunestate is due to the presence of sufficient antitoxin in the circulating blood. In this connection, however, the antitoxin in the tissues is reported to play an important role in the antitoxic immunity against diphtherial toxin1). While, the anaphylaxis to diphtherial toxin was observed by Lawrence & Pappenheimer (1948) 2) and experimentally demonstrated in vitro by the present authors (1953) 3). Accordingly, both the antitoxic immunity and the toxhi anaphylaxis of diphtheria are caused by the same antigen antibody reaction. Thus, the studies on the relationship between the antitoxic immunity and the toxin-anaphylaxis of diphtheria would throw light on the fundamental relation between immunity and allergy. For this purpose, quantitative studies on toxin-anaphylaxis are indispensable. Kabat (1942)4) tried to clarify the relation of the amount of antigen and antibody to the degree of anaphylaxis, however, the anaphylaxis in vivo is too complicated for the clarification of their relation. In this paper attemps were made to determine quantitatively the intensity of toxin-anaphylaxis in vitro.

STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOXIN-ANAPHYLAXIS AND ANTITOXIC IMMUNITY I. QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE TOXIN-ANAPHYLAXIS IN VITRO