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Experiences in the tissue culture of animal cells have indicated that prolonged serial passage of cells can be a cause for the occurrence of variation in the cellular morphology, malignancy and nutritional requirements (Sanford et al., 1954; Earle and Nettleship, 1943; Goldblatt and Cameron, 1953; Sanford et al., 1950; Chang, 1957; Haff and Swimm, 1957; Perry et al., 1955; Puck and Fischer, 1956). In the field of virology, it has attracted attention that the properties of cells subject to such variation include the spectrum of viruses to which they are susceptible. Bang et al. (1952) reported that the variation which occurred in a stable cell line of normal rat fibroblast, 14p, altered not only its malignancy but also its susceptibility to eastern equine encephalitis virus. A recent finding by Sheffield (1957) revealed that the changes of rabbit embryo kidney cells after a serial cultivation in vitro rendered them susceptible to polioviruses. The widespread use of strain HeLa cells (Gey et al., 1952) has led to the finding that there exist cell lines with different abilities to propagate viruses. Scherer (1955) demonstrated that the HeLa strain supplied from•gMicrobiological Associates•hdiffered from an original line of HeLa cells in their cytologic responses to polioviruses. A similar note was made in studies on adenovirus about different susceptibilities to viruses among HeLa cell lines used (Graystone et al., 1958). The HeLa cell strain employed by Quersin-Thiry (1958) was inferior to the one used by Lennox et al. (1957) in susceptibility to diphtheria toxin, and insusceptible to the cytopathogenic effect of ECHO viruses in contrast to the one used by Arcketti (1957). Of interest is the success in producing•gresistant resistant culture•hto poliovirus by Vogt et al. (1958) by means of repeated inoculations of Type 3 poliovirus into the culture of the S3 clone of HeLa cells (Puck and Marcus, 1959). In the course of our study on the adaptation of ECHO viruses to HeLa cells, several cell lines possessing varying degrees of resistance to the cytopathogenic effect of virus have been obtained from HeLa cells surviving an exposure to a massive amount of virus. They are similar, in many respects, to the above-cited •g resistant resistant culture•hof Vogt et al. (1958), but exhibit no morphological changes as compared with the parent cells. The purpose of this paper is to describe some characteristics of these resistant cultures.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF VARIANTS OF HELA CELLS POSSESSING RESISTANCE AGAINST THE CYTOPATHOGENIC EFFECT OF ECHO VIRUSES