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Diseased eel (Anguilla bicolor) displayed severe hemorrhages in the gills, and congestion and swelling in the liver. During the epizootic, the water temperature was 28℃ and the morality rates were about 5%. No parasites were found on the gills and skin. Bacteria were not cultured from any internal organs using TSA or SS agar at 28℃ for 48 hrs. Histopathologically, the gills showed epithelial hyperplasia in the base of secondary gill lamellae and hemorrhages in the capillaries. Some cells in the proliferated interlamellar epithelia exhibited marginal hyperchromatosis. And severe vacuolated changes in the parenchymal cells and congestion in the central veins were observed in the liver. The specific amplicon (396 bp) was detected from gills and opercula of affected eel PCR using Anguillid herpesvirus-1 (AngHV-1) -specific primer sets HVAPOLVPSD (5-'GTG TCG GGC TTT GTG GTG C-3') and HVAPOLOOSN (5'-CAT GCC GGG AGT CTT TTT GAT-3'). Sequencing analysis of the amplicon demonstrated that this gene was 99% homologous to the AngHV-1 sequence deposited in GenBank. This is the first report of AngHV-1 outbreak in the farmed shortfin eels ( A. bicolor) in Korea. When diseased fish were maintained for 10 days at water temperatures of 32℃ and 35℃, the cumulative mortalities were 100% and 10%, respectively. Even though the AngHV-1 genome in the gills from the eel kept at 35℃ was detected using PCR, the structure of gill filaments was similar with that of normal fish. Increasing the water temperature to 35 ℃ was an effective way to diminish the mortality of AngHV-1 affected eel.

Outbreak of Anguillid herpesvirus-1 (AngHV-1) infection in cultured shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor) in Korea