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Additive manufacturing(AM)has attracted considerable attention as an advanced technology that enables the fabrication of parts of various shapes. The control of crystallographic texture formation in metal parts has recently become an important topic in metal AM technology as it has an impact on anisotropy in mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus and yield stress. These advantageous features are being applied in a variety of fields, especially in the military, medical, and aerospace industries. Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the powder bed fusiontype AM process. First, 3-D modeling is conducted for the target design of the desired shape determined by using computer-aided design(CAD). The 3-D shaped pattern is then sliced into 2-D units. The process parameters such as scan speed, beam power, pitch, and layer thickness are adjusted and appropriate conditions are set for the shape and material of the target parts. The fabrication commences after setting all the process parameters and consists of repeating the process of selective melting and solidifying one layer at a time. Selective laser melting(SLM)is a novel powder bed fusiontype AM process for manufacturing parts with high precision and geometric freedom. A laser beam is used as the heat source to fabricate 3-D complex shapes. Recently, it has received significant attention as the energy density of laser beams is high enough to melt refractory metal powder such as tantalum(Ta) . Ta is a rare metal that belongs to the elemental group 5A and exists in a body-centered cubic equilibrium phase(α-Ta)and the metastable tetragonal (β-Ta)phase. It exhibits high density (16.69 g/cm), high melting point (2996°C), good resistance to oxidation, and superior biocompatibility. Owing to these characteristics, it is used in a variety of fields such as aerospace, biomedical, and electronic devices . However, there are many restrictions in its applications owing to its high price and difficulties in the manufacturing process. Post-processing at high working operation temperature and protection from oxidation are required in the standard manufacturing process of Ta and TaCrystallographic Texture Formation of Pure Tantalum by Selective Laser Melting Method