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In this paper, we analyzed the phase change of 5-triangular trihedral comer reflectors by using X-band Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-SAR) system. Each reflector was set as a stationary target at a different distance from the system. We obtained total 123 full-polarization images during 40 hours continuously at 20 minute interval. Results of SAR interferometric analysis showed phase changes of maximum 2 radians and followed similar pattern with atmospheric data. Through a GB-SAR phase formula that includes refractive index in the air, we performed regression analysis for refractive index as a function of atmospheric humidity, temperature and pressure. As a result, refractive index of air in X-band showed relatively high coefficient of determination with humidity and temperature (0.72 and 0.76 on average, respectively) but not so with pressure (0.34). The refractive index of air in X -band changed by during the measuring time with a humidity range of 50% ~ 90% and a temperature range of ~ . We expect that a total expression of refractive index of air including humidity, temperature and pressure can be calculated when more extensive data would be collected at various atmospheric conditions.

Change of Refractive Index of Air in X-band due to Atmospheric Humidity, Temperature and Pressure measured by GB-SAR Interferometry