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Bioremoval techniques have been employed in cleaning water bodies that suffer from detrimental effects of heavy metal pollution. In the present laboratory study, bioaccumulation of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was assessed using the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a model organism widely used in genetic, physiological and morphological studies. Growth was measured as cell counts and showed that Pb2+, at low exposure concentrations (0.5 and 1 μg mL–1), had a positive influence on Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, resulting in slight growth stimulations; however, the species could not withstand long periods of exposure to both metals at higher concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 μg mL–1). The highest inhibitions (53.14% and 70.07% for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively, at 8 μg mL–1) were recorded after six days. Rapid metal removal was observed during the first two days of incubation, followed by a gradual reduction. Though the differences in accumulated amounts seemed to be narrow, the percentage of Pb2+ removed from the solution was always higher than that of Cd2+ in all the treatments. Accumulated amounts increased in a dose-dependent manner for both metals. The maximum accumulations (155.63 and 199.83 mg g–1 dry weight for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively) were recorded at the end of six days. The species can be considered a good accumulator of metals, with high bioconcentration factor values of 20 657 and 24 980 for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively.

Comparative study on bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium by the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under laboratory conditions