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Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is an index of greenness or photosynthetic activity in a plant. It is a technique of obtaining various features based upon their spectral signatures such as vegetation index, land cover classification, urban areas and remaining areas presented in the image. In the present study, the NDVI differencing method using Landsat 7 ETM+ images and Landsat OLI were implemented to assess the change in vegetation cover from 2001 to 2017 using the Natural Breaks (Jenks) method. NDVI values calculated from the satellite image of the year 2001 range from 0.62 to -0.41 and that of the year 2017 ranges from 0.53 to -0.10 based upon their spectral signature. The NDVI method is applied according to its characteristics like vegetation at different NDVI threshold values such as -0.1, -0.09, 0.14, 0.06, 0.28, 0.35, and 0.5. Afterwards, a Difference NDVI map between 2001 and 2017 is generated to identify negatively or positively values of land cover changes. Results confirmed that the area without vegetation, such as water bodies, built-up areas and as well as barren lands, increased from 35 % in 2001 to 39.67 % in 2017. The densely vegetated area decreased from 8.62 % to 2.15 % indicating the need to develop new policies in the city to protect vegetation areas during economic and urban development in the city of Srinagar.

NDVI Based Assessment of Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing and GIS (A case study of Srinagar district, Kashmir)