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Tunnel safety has drawn public attention due to the occurrence of many catastrophic fires in recent years. Meanwhile, natural ventilation types such as solar chimney and vertical shaft have become popular in relevant constructions. However, natural ventilation mode using shafts in tunnel fires are still lacking in quantitative analyses. In this study, a set of model scale experiments was carried out to investigate the influence of natural ventilation using shafts on tunnel fire behaviors. Two kinds of fuel, methanol and n-heptane, were used to model the fire in a small scale tunnel and three shafts were employed. The effects of natural ventilation on fire burning rate, fire plume temperature and flame height were investigated detailedly and the experimental results were compared with the previous studies.

Experimental Study on Tunnel Fire Behaviors under Natural Ventilation Using Shafts