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In this study, we examined the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) among young women between the ages of 20-44 living in Shanghai, China, and Tokyo, Japan with a particular emphasis on investigating its possible links with body mass index (BMI). Shanghai data were obtained from annual health check-up records conducted between May and September 2016 (n=2,006). Tokyo data were from health examinations of employees working in dispensing pharmacies between July and February 2017 (n=877). Anaemia prevalence was found to be 14.8% and 11.4% in Shanghai and Tokyo, respectively. The proportion of women with a BMI of <18.5 was 9.9% in Shanghai and 25.7% in Tokyo. Anaemia prevalence tends to be high in women with a low BMI. Women with a BMI of <18.5 had the highest prevalence of anaemia (18.2%) in Shanghai. Yet, the prevalence of anaemia was low (9.3%) among Tokyo women with a BMI of <18.5, significantly lower than those with a BMI between 18.5-25.0 (12.5%). IDA is a significant problem among women in both Shanghai and Tokyo, where the ‘desire for thinness” is commonplace among young women. The Tokyo participants with a low BMI, however, appear to have managed to avoid developing IDA.

Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Its Prevalence Among Women of Reproductive Age in Shanghai and Tokyo and Links to Body Mass Index