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The views and opinions expressed or implied in this article are those of the author (or authors) and do not necessarily reflect the position of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Abstract—Lost or derelict fishing gear can impair fisheries by contributing to the depletion of target species populations and can reduce nontarget fish and wildlife populations. We measured the density of derelict crab pot (DCPs) using side-scan sonar and examined bycatch associated with DCPs in nearshore waters (depths ≤4 m) of 6 waterbodies important to the North Carolina blue crab fishery, the state’s most valued commercial fishery. Extrapolated mean DCP density was 105 DCP/km2 of open water (range: 6–301). Densities of DCPs differed significantly among waterbodies but not among habitats (marsh creeks, estuarine edge ≤50 m from shore, and Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway margin). Extrapolated DCP densities were generally greater than those concurrently observed for actively fished crab pots within the 201 1-km2 cells sampled during 23 survey days between April and November 2010. Of the DCPs examined, 41% contained bycatch (unintentional catch) and 37% remained capable of trapping organisms. Bycatch was dominated by blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) and Florida stone crab (Menippe mercenaria) and included 5 diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) and 1 clapper rail (Rallus crepitans). Based on monitoring of four 1-km2 cells, annual DCP “recruitment” was 1.5 DCP/km2 (1 SD). Reducing recruitment, persistence, and entrapment capability of DCPs would benefit the blue crab and Florida stone crab fisheries, as well as help conserve at-risk wildlife populations. More than 1 million commercial crab pots are used annually in North Carolina, and an annual loss rate of 17% has been estimated by the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF1). Estimated annual rates of crab pot losses were 30% in the lower York River, Virginia, for commercial and recreational pots combined (Havens et al., 2008) and 25% in the Gulf of Mexico for commercial pots only (Guillory et al.2). Because pots that are lost or aban-

Factors driving the density of derelict crab pots and their associated bycatch in North Carolina waters