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Hydroxyapatite is the major mineral constituent of vertebrate bones and teeth can significantly increase the biocompatibility and bioactivity of man-made biomaterials. Strontium substituted Hydroxyapatite, a bioceramic was successfully synthesized by solution combustion method using calcium acetate and diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate as precursors. Statistical Design of experiments was employed as a tool for systematic evaluation and investigation of the influencial process variables. Limited research was found on combustion synthesis of Sr substituted hydroxyapatite. The main objective of this work is to understand the effects of three important process parameters, synthesis time, ignition temperature and % Sr substitution on the resulting yield and crystallite size. Contour plots were generated to study the interaction between these factors. A specific approach based on Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate these parameters and to optimize them for a more effective synthesis. Mathematical models were developed for each of the measured responses yield and crystallite size. The adequacy of the developed model was checked using analysis of variance technique and experimental validation. It has been observed that all the three parameters significantly affect the response variables. The maximum yield can be obtained when the synthesis is done at 500°C for 30 minutes and the crystallite sizes increases with the % Sr substitution.

Box-Behnken Experimental Design for the process optimization of Strontium substituted Hydroxyapatite synthesis