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Although a great effort has been made in Morocco concerning the produced quantity of raw cow milk, its quality does not meet acceptable quality standards. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate the global milk quality in Moroccan dairy herds (hygienic and pathogenic parameters) and the perspectives on dairy development. For this, we evaluated the variations in the overall quality of raw milk: bacteriological and hygienic characterizations. Thus, samples of raw cow's milk produced in 10-12 farms were selected from different areas in Beni Mellal region. The investigation has concerned different cattle farms with different breeding procedures. Thus, microbiological characterization was evaluated in the samples analyzed for their standard plat count, total coliform and fecal coliform, yeast loads (L), molds (M) and some of pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus, salmonella, listeria and clostridium). In general, the samples analyzed show a moderate to critical contamination of raw milk during different seasons in all microbial species analyzed, notably for fecal and total coliforms and total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF). As the microbiological quality of milk is critical to the health, organoleptic and technological qualities of milk, we assayed pathogenic bacteria and found a positivity only for staphylococcus aureus which exceeds the accepted limit. The most contaminated farms were those located essentially in the irrigated zones. The less contaminated ones belong to modern’s farms. It seems that transportation, milking and pre-storage conditions as well as climate constitute the main basic relevant factors for heavy bacterial contamination Taken together these variations reflect essentially differences in practical breeding. When the period effect is investigated, differences between hot periods and cold-warm periods are present for the parameters mentioned above. These results indicate the non-respect of good hygiene practices as well as breeding practices.

Microbiological Characteristics of Raw Cow Milk in Beni Mellal Area (Morocco)