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Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of alpha-mangostin on Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in THP-1 cells. Methods: The cell viability after P. gingivalis LPS or alpha-mangostin treatment was measured with MTS assay. The ability of alpha-mangostin to modulate the THP-1 cell response to P. gingivalis LPS stimulation was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 expression and by western blotting for the activation of MAPK signaling. Results: Alpha-mangostin reduced the expression of IL-1β and IL-8 in P. gingivalis LPSstimulated THP-1 cells. Alpha-mangostin also suppressed P. gingivalis LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Conclusion: Alpha-mangostin suppresses the production of inflammatory cytokine in P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, possibly by reduction the activation of MAPK. These results suggest that alpha-mangostin may be used as an anti-inflammatory agent in adjunctive treatment of periodontal disease.

Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-8 Expression by Reducing MAPK Activation in THP-1 Cells