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During autumn 1995 to 1999, we searched for Loptotrombidium scutellare, one of trombiculid mite species known as tsutsugamushi disease vector, by the black cloth method, the Tullgren funnel method, and inspection of host rodents in western Japan, mainly in endemic areas of the disease. The mite species was recorded for the first time frorn western Japan, i.e., Tanabe (Wakayama Pref.), Ooya (Hyogo Pref.), the western part of Hiroshima Pref, and Ootoyo (Kochi Pref.), These results strongly suggest that L. scutettare may be a widely distributed disease vector throughout western Japan. demiological significance. INTRODUCTION MATERrALs AND METHoDs After Sasa (1956) and Tamiya (1962), Loptotrombidium scutellare has been noted as a tsutsugamushi disease vector, especially in the Kanto Region (southeastern part of central Japan), Chukyo Region (southwestern part of central Japan) and Kyushu Region (southern Japan). Recently, Takada (1990, 1995), Takada et aL (1999), and Fujita and Takada (in preparation for submission) indicated that the species is widely distributed up to the central part of the Tohoku Region (northern Japan). However, there is no record of L. scuteltare in the Kinki, Chugoku and Shikoku Regions (western Japan). Here, we report new findings of the species in western Japan, with some discussion of its epiSurvev aneas. During autumn season 1995 to 1999, we conducted mite surveys in some areas of Wakayama, Hyogo, Hiroshima and Kochi Prefectures, and in the respective neighboring prefectures, which have been recently known to be endemic areas of tsutsugamushi disease or mite itching (Fig. 1). Following the theory that the distributional pattern of L. scutellare in Japan may be produced in association with the river system (Takada, 1995; Takada et al. 1999), we searched for the mite species mainly in the fiood plain, .river terrace or the foot of mountains along the river fiowing through each survey area. The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology NII-Electronic Library Service he apanSociety fMedical ntom logy nd o logy 60 Med. Entomol, Zool, Fig. 1. A satellite photograph, scutellare in western Japan. circie, L, scutettare negative. modified from landsat picture by NASA, showing survey localities for L. Closed circle, L. scutellare positive (area no. as shown in Table 1); open Sampling nzethods. A method of collecting clusters of L, scutettare with a black cloth (100 cm × 100 cm) was proposed by Suzuki (l986) and Uchikawa et aL (1993). To detect the mite quickly from many areas during this survey period, a 25 cm × 25 cm black cloth of suede-like polyester was spread on a grassy area and weighted by a metal net of the same size. Ten sheets of black cloth per survey area were set and recovered within about 5 minutes to check for mites. Most of the mites collected were immediately preserved in 80% ethyl alcohol, and a part of them was mounted on glass slide. In the Tullgren funnel method to collect mites from soil, an apparatus similar to that in the previous report (Takada et aL, 1999) was used for soil (200cm3 per site) and litter scraped frorn the sarne sites where the black cloth method was applied. Sharman traps were used to capture small rodents as host of mites; trapping was conducted 1 to 3 times in the survey areas shown in Table 1, but not in other areas that were negative for L. scutetlare by the two former

New findings of Leptotrombidium scutellare (Acari : Trombiculidae) in western Japan, and its epidemiological significance