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Enlightenment and Reconstruction of National Awareness in Kazakh Literature During Alash Orda Era Abstract Kazakh Turks have lived in the same geography since ancient times. This situation brings about the formation of a rich and deep-rooted tradition. Kazakh, like all other Turkish communities, was accepted as a part of the common literature and culture belonging to the Turkish world, and in particular, a Kazakh oral and written literature started to be formed, as they existed in the history scene with their own names. In Kazakh Turks, literature, which continued its existence orally until the 20 th century, continued its development both verbally and in writing afterwards. Especially in the development of written literature in the last century, the identification and exploitation policies of the Russians towards Turkish communities have an important effect. Literature, which is one of the most effective tools in the formation and development of national identity, is effectively used by intellectual names against these policies carried out by the Russians. Thanks to the educational environment developed with the pressure of Russian politics aimed at eliminating Kazakh identity and culture, intellectual names which grown from the Kazakh society begin to fight against Russian politics with their pens. This intellectual movement determines ‘Alash Khan’, who is an important figure of independence and unity in the history of Kazakh Turks, as their names and slogans. Using this name and slogan, they aim to hold together the national and spiritual values that take place in the historical roots of the Kazakh people. The intellectuals of the ‘Alash Orda’ period work to build a national consciousness that can meet the needs of the era without departing from its historical roots, based on the ideas and works of art of both Eastern and Western cultures. In this article, the idea of the Alash Orda movement, which has an important place in Kazakh enlightenment, and the process of ‘Enlightenment and Reconstruction of National Awareness in Kazakh Literature during Alash Orda Period’ shaped by political and cultural stance will be discussed. Alas Orda Donemi Kazak Edebiyatinda Aydinlanma ve Milli Bilincin Yeniden Insasi Oz Kazak Turkleri tarihin eski devirlerinden beri ayni cografyada yasamlarini surdururler. Bu durum kendilerine ait zengin ve koklu bir gelenegin olusmasini da berberinde getirir. Kazak adi ile var olduklari doneme kadar gecen surecte diger butun Turk topluluklari gibi Kazaklar da Turk dunyasina ait ortak edebiyat ve kulturun bir parcasi olarak kabul gorurken kendi adlari ile tarih sahnesinde var olmalari ile birlikte ozelde de bir Kazak sozlu ve yazili edebiyati tesekkul etmeye baslar. Kazak Turklerinde XX. yuzyila kadar daha cok sozlu olarak varligini devam ettiren edebiyat, sonralari hem sozlu hem de yazili olarak gelisimini surdurur. Ozellikle son yuzyilda yazili edebiyatin gelismesinde Ruslarin Turk topluluklarina donuk kimliksizlestirme ve somurme politikalarinin onemli bir etkisi olur. Milli kimligin olusup gelismesinde en etkili araclardan biri olan edebiyat, Ruslarin yuruttugu bu politikalara karsi aydin isimler tarafindan etkin bir bicimde kullanilir. Kazak kimligini ve kulturunu ortadan kaldirmaya donuk Rus siyasetinin baskisiyla gelisen egitim ortami sayesinde Kazak toplumu icerisinden yetisen aydin isimler, Rus siyasetine karsi kalemleriyle mucadeleye baslar. Bu aydin hareketi Kazak Turklerinin tarihinde bagimsizligin ve birligin onemli bir figuru olan ‘Alas Han’i kendilerine isim ve slogan olarak belirler. Bu isim ve slogani kullanarak Kazak halkinin tarihi koklerinde yer alan milli ve manevi degerler etrafinda bir arada tutmayi hedeflerler.  ‘Alas Orda’ donemi aydinlari hem Dogu hem de Bati kulturune ait dusunce ve sanat eserlerinden hareketle tarihi koklerinden kopmadan cagin ihtiyaclarina cevap verebilecek milli bir bilinc insa etmek icin calisir. Bu makalede Kazak aydinlanmasinda onemli bir yer tutan Alas Orda hareketinin ortaya koydugu fikri, siyasi, kulturel durus ile sekillenen ‘Alas Orda Donemi Kazak Edebiyatinda Aydinlanma ve Milli Bilincin Yeniden Insasi’ sureci ele alinacaktir.

Alaş Orda Dönemi Kazak Edebiyatında Aydınlanma ve Millî Bilincin Yeniden İnşası