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The existence of different religious identities in various forms in Islamic world is a legacy that Islamic history leaves to the contemporary societies. In other words, these religious identities cause the problem of living together of different religious groups in Islamic societies, but they can also lead to the problem of ‘othering’ as well. In this case, it can be difficult to make social reconciliation and live together in the framework of general religious values. When any religious thought and opinion desires to come to a leading position to feel safe, other thoughts and opinions tend to react to it. The main problem at that point seems to be whether to accept different thoughts as a richness or not. This research looks for answers to the question of what should be done so that the differences that sects and groups in Islamic societies create, do not lead to political discrepancies. The most basic issue that the work is emphasize is that the principles of belief, deed and morality of Islamic religion has been determined by revelation, and these principles have not changed over time. However, the relations between these principles, the issue of which principle is ahead of the other and which principles should be brought forward in the new situations have caused to raise different opinions and the predecessor scholars (Salaf) propounded diverse ideas and thoughts to this issue. In later periods, different interpretations were added due to new events happening indoors and new beliefs and cultures encountered outside, and so new trends and understandings emerged. The currents and understandings generated by the mentioned interpretations continue their existence today in different forms and even new currents can occur. This work also emphasizes that these differences of interpretation -on the condition that the religious constancies do not move from place- should be accepted as wealth and should not lead to political separation in this way. For this, we underlined the need to live together around general religious values by emphasizing the fact that different religious groups must live together. In the work it is alleged that the lifestyle of the Sufi tradition can help us on this subject. Oz Islam dunyasinda farkli dini kimliklerin cesitli sekillerde varligi, Islam tarihinin gunumuz toplumlarina biraktigi bir mirastir. Soz konusu bu kimlikler Islam toplumlarinda farkli dini gruplarin bir arada yasama problemini dogurmakta fakat ‘otekilestirme’ sorununa da yol acabilmektedir. Bu durumda toplumsal uzlasma saglanmasi ve genel dini degerler cercevesinde bir arada yasanmasi zorlasabilmektedir. Herhangi bir dini dusunce ve gorus kendini guvencede hissetmek amaciyla hâkim konuma gelmeyi arzu edince, diger dusunce ve gorusler buna karsi reaksiyon gosterme egilimi icerisine girebilmektedir. Bu calismada Islam toplumlarinda mevcut olan mezhep ve gruplarin ortaya cikardigi farkliliklarin siyasal anlamda krize yol acmamasi icin neler yapilmasi gerektigi sorusuna cevap aranmaktadir. Uzerinde durulan en temel konu, Islam dininin inanc, amel ve ahlak esaslarinin vahiyle belirlenmis olmasi ve bu esaslarin zamanla degisime ugramayisi gercegidir. Fakat bu esaslar arasindaki iliskiler, hangi esasin digerinden daha onde olmasi meselesi ve yeni karsilasilan durumlarda hangi prensiplerin one cikarilmasi gerektigi konusunda farkli gorusler ortaya atilmis ve ilk donem selef âlimleri bu hususta farkli fikir ve dusunceler serdetmislerdir. Daha sonraki donemlerde, iceride yasanan yeni olaylar ve disarida karsilasilan yeni inanc ve kulturler nedeniyle farkli yorumlar eklenmis ve boylece yeni akim ve anlayislar ortaya cikmistir. Soz konusu yorumlarin olusturdugu akim ve anlayislar gunumuzde de farkli sekillerde varligini devam ettirmekte ve hatta yeni akimlar bile olusabilmektedir. Bu calismamizda, yorum farkliliklarinin –dini sâbiteleri yerinden oynatmamak kaydiyla– zenginlik kabul edilmesi ve bu sekilde siyasal ayrima yol acmamasi gerektiginin altini cizdik. Bunun icin farkli dini gruplarin birlikte yasama zorunlulugu gercegi vurgulanarak, genel dini degerler etrafinda birlikte yasamanin gerekliligi dile getirilmistir. Bu konuda sufi gelenegin yasam tarzindan istifade edilebilecegi de ozellikle vurgulanmistir.

tarih kültür ve sanat araştırmaları dergisi

Farklı İslâmî Kimliklerin Birlikte Yaşama Problemi ve Çözüm Önerileri Sufi Psikolojisi Açısından Bir Giriş Denemesi / The Problem of Coexistence of Different Islamic Identities and Suggestions for Solution an Entrance in Terms of Sufi Psychology