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This study explores the pen spirit, a mediumistic game simplified out of fuji, which is shown in a number of popular horror films in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). While Chinese literary works in the past often made reference to fuji as an ancient Chinese mediumistic ritual, the communist government has suppressed expressions on the supernatural in publications and official media, but not in films – at least not in the popular pen spirit series. What is a pen spirit? Why is it so popular in China, especially among Chinese youngsters? Is there a ‘cultural obsession’ among the Chinese with fate, luck, and divination? This study seeks to discover the evolution of the pen spirit and the socio-cultural psychological dimensions behind the phenomenon.

Mediumship and the Economy of Luck and Fate: Contemporary Chinese Belief Trends Behind the Filmic Folklore