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Cellular differentiation requires both activation of target cell transcriptional programs and repression of non-target cell programs. The Myt1 family of zinc finger transcription factors contributes to fibroblast to neuron reprogramming in vitro. Here, we show that  ztf-11  ( Z inc-finger  T ranscription  F actor-11), the sole  Caenorhabditis elegans  Myt1 homolog, is required for neurogenesis in multiple neuronal lineages from previously differentiated epithelial cells, including a neuron generated by a developmental epithelial-to-neuronal transdifferentiation event.  ztf-11  is exclusively expressed in all neuronal precursors with remarkable specificity at single-cell resolution. Loss of  ztf-11  leads to upregulation of non-neuronal genes and reduced neurogenesis. Ectopic expression of  ztf-11  in epidermal lineages is sufficient to produce additional neurons. ZTF-11 functions together with the MuvB corepressor complex to suppress the activation of non-neuronal genes in neurons. These results dovetail with the ability of Myt1l (Myt1-like) to drive neuronal transdifferentiation in vitro in vertebrate systems. Together, we identified an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to specify neuronal cell fate by repressing non-neuronal genes.

A Myt1 family transcription factor defines neuronal fate by repressing non-neuronal genes