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We report a draft assembly of the genome of Hi5 cells from the lepidopteran insect pest,  Trichoplusia ni , assigning 90.6% of bases to one of 28 chromosomes and predicting 14,037 protein-coding genes. Chemoreception and detoxification gene families reveal  T. ni -specific gene expansions that may explain its widespread distribution and rapid adaptation to insecticides. Transcriptome and small RNA data from thorax, ovary, testis, and the germline-derived Hi5 cell line show distinct expression profiles for 295 microRNA- and &gt;393 piRNA-producing loci, as well as 39 genes encoding small RNA pathway proteins. Nearly all of the W chromosome is devoted to piRNA production, and  T. ni  siRNAs are not 2´- O -methylated. To enable use of Hi5 cells as a model system, we have established genome editing and single-cell cloning protocols. The  T. ni  genome provides insights into pest control and allows Hi5 cells to become a new tool for studying small RNAs ex vivo.

The genome of the Hi5 germ cell line from Trichoplusia ni , an agricultural pest and novel model for small RNA biology