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The NG2 +  glia, also known as polydendrocytes or oligodendrocyte precursor cells, represent a new entity among glial cell populations in the central nervous system. However, the complete repertoire of their roles is not yet identified. The embryonic NG2 +  glia originate from the Nkx2.1 +  progenitors of the ventral telencephalon. Our analysis unravels that, beginning from E12.5 until E16.5, the NG2 +  glia populate the entire dorsal telencephalon. Interestingly, their appearance temporally coincides with the establishment of blood vessel network in the embryonic brain. NG2 +  glia are closely apposed to developing cerebral vessels by being either positioned at the sprouting tip cells or tethered along the vessel walls. Absence of NG2 +  glia drastically affects the vascular development leading to severe reduction of ramifications and connections by E18.5. By revealing a novel and fundamental role for NG2 +  glia, our study brings new perspectives to mechanisms underlying proper vessels network formation in embryonic brains.

NG2 glia are required for vessel network formation during embryonic development