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Quantum spin Hall effect, usually existing in two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators, has topologically protected helical edge states. In the year 2014, there is a theoretical prediction that monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with 1T' phase are expected to be a new class of 2D quantum spin Hall insulators. Among all, the monolayer 1T'-WTe2 has attracted much attention, because it has various excellent characteristics such as stable atomic structures, an obvious bandgap opening in the bulk of monolayer 1T'-WTe2, and tunable topological properties, which pave the way for realizing a new generation of spintronic devices. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent experimental progress on the 2D quantum spin Hall insulators in monolayer 1T'-WTe2, including the sample preparation via a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique, the detection of helical edge states and their response on external magnetic fields, as well as the modulation of more rich and novel quantum states under electron doping or strain. At last, we prospect the future application based on in monolayer 1T'-WTe2.

Research progress of two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator in monolayer 1<i>T'</i>-WTe<sub>2</sub>