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Environment-friendly and surfactant-free aqueous cleaning agents have been developed in order to solve various pro- blems generated by surfactants in the aqueous cleaning agents. Aqueous surfactant-free cleaning agents, S-1 and S-2 have been for- mulated with water-soluble solvents such as propylene glycol and propylene glycol ether on their main components and with some additives. These solvents were chosen because of their good solubility in water and excellent solubility of fluxes which are major contaminants of printed circuit board in the electronic industry. Physical properties of the formulated and the imported cleaning agents were measured to predict their cleaning performance, and their cleaning abilities of flux and solder contaminants were evaluated under the various ultrasonic frequencies by a gravimetric method. The measurement results show that the physical properties of clea- ning agent V are generally similar with those of formulated cleaning agents S-1 and S-2. Both the cleaning agent V and the formulated

A Study on Formulation of Surfactant-free Aqueous Cleaning agents and Evaluation of Their Physical Properties and Cleaning Ability