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Background : Antibacterial agents from natural sources have been suggested as alternatives for treating infectious diseases due to their low side effects. Flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum ) exhibits some antibacterial properties, but its effects against oral pathogens are poorly understood. This study investigated flaxseed extracts' antibacterial effects against such pathogens. Methods : Non-polar and polar extracts of flaxseed, with n -hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH), were prepared by sequential Soxhlet extraction. All extracts were qualitatively screened through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activities of flaxseed extracts with different volumes per disc (Oxoid, Badhoevedorp, Netherlands) (5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 µL/disc) were evaluated against four different oral pathogens: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Enterococcus faecalis , using the disc diffusion method. Flaxseed extracts' inhibitory activities against the tested oral pathogens were examined by measuring the inhibition zone diameter. Results : Polar extract (methanolic extract) demonstrated significant antibacterial activity ( p <0.01) against all tested oral pathogens, with inhibition zones comparable to those for penicillin. In contrast, n -hexane and DCM extracts demonstrated variable antibacterial activities. Conclusions : This study suggests that Linum usitatissimum methanolic extract exhibited the best inhibitory activity on all tested strains compared to the other extracts .

Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds on Different Extracts of Linum Usitatissimum and Its Antimicrobial Properties against Selected Oral Pathogens