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Scrub typhus is a mite borne transmittable disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium known as Orientia tsutsugamushi. Although it presents with nonspecific clinical manifestation, early diagnosis and treatment often prevents it’s complication. Here in this study, we used two different diagnostic tools Scrub-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serologic Scrub IgM antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM ELISA) test. Out of 154 cases, total of 101 cases were found Scrub IgM-ELISA positive. Both serology and Scrub-PCR was done in total 96 cases. Out of 96 cases, 41.6% (n−40) were Scrub-PCR positive and 58.3% (n−56) cases were PCR negative. Eighty percent cases become serology positive (IgM ELISA) those who presented after 7 days but before 14 days of illness and least (54%) when presented before 1 week of illness. Twenty cases were found to be IgM positive but PCR negative. The mean duration of illness among those 20 patients who were IgM positive but PCR negative was found to 12.55 days. Only four cases were PCR positive but IgM negative. The mean duration of illness was 6.2 days among those four patients so that the antibody conversion was not detectable at that phase. Therefore, the combination of molecular and serological tests needs to be used, so that it can cover the entire duration of illness for early and accurate diagnosis so as to prevent the complications.

journal of applied biology and biotechnology

Comparison of diagnostic performance between serological tests (Scrub IgM-ELISA) and Scrub-PCR for scrub typhus fever in an Indian tertiary care teaching hospital