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Heavy metals can cause disastrous effects on any living organisms. Probiotics have the ability to reduce metal toxicity. Bioremediation of polluted waters using these bacteria could be an alternative to conventional remediation methods. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize heavy metal resistant probiotics. Soil samples were collected for the isolation of probiotics. Morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterization was performed for the isolates. In addition, a preliminary heavy metal minimum inhibitory concentration test was done followed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) analysis analysis. Four Enterococci (BT1, BT2, MC1, and MC2) and Bacillus acidiproducens (SM1 and SM2) were isolated. Moreover, all the isolates demonstrated probiotic characteristics. BT1 and BT2 were able to tolerate mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) but they demonstrated poor Hg removal abilities (0.75-1.42%). MC1 and MC2 isolates could grow in medium supplemented with Cd, Pb, and Cr, respectively. MC1 showed the highest level of Pb removal (43.00% ± 0.776%) and Cd removal (46.19% ± 7.651%) from broth media. Yet, SM1 and SM2 isolates tolerated only Pb and Cr. SM2 had the ability to remove the highest amount of Cr (43.06% ± 7.991%). These reasonable heavy metal removal abilities could be further studied for efficient use in bioremediation.

Bioremediation of heavy metals from aquatic environment through microbial processes: A potential role for probiotics?