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Low yields of soybean in Nigeria are attributed to many factors such as declining soil fertility and use of low yielding soybean varieties. Phosphorus is a soybean plant growth-limiting nutrient.Therefore, application of phosphorus fertilizer at optimum level is essential. Two experiments were carried out at Ibadan, Nigeria to estimate the optimum P-fertilizer rate for soybean and to investigate the response of soybean to different sources of P fertilizer applied at the optimum rate. The treatments in the first experiment were two soybean varieties (TGX1987-10F and TGX1987-62F) and single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizer applied at five rates: 0kgPha-1, 20kgPha-1, 40kgPha-1, 60kgPha-1 and 80kgPha-1. The treatments in the second experiment were: SSP, Tithonia compost (TC), poultry manure (PM), TC+PM, SSP+TC, SSP+PM applied at optimum P (40kgPha-1)rate obtained from Experiment 1and control. Data collected on morphological parameters, grain yield (GY) and nutrient uptake were subjected to analysis of variance, the means were separated using least significant difference (p<0.05). Results showed that TGX1987-62F (1.96Mgha-1) produced significantly higher GY than TGX1987-10F (1.26Mgha-1). Application of SSP at 40kgPha-1 produced tallest plants (131.8cm), highest number of leaves/plant (19.0), number of pods/plant (19.4), and GY (2.28Mg/ha) across the two varieties. Highest K-uptake (6.1mgplant-1) and Puptake (2.6mgplant-1) were obtained in plants treated with TC+SSP and SSP, respectively. The combination of TC and SSP at 40kgPha-1 produced highest number of flowers/plant (35.6), pods/plant (38.7) and GY (3.9Mgha-1). A combination of Tithonia compost and SSP applied at 40kgPha-1 will increase grain yield of soybean in South-West Nigeria.

PERFORMANCE OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.) INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT RATES AND SOURCES OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA