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This study was conducted in three years (7-9 years after planting) to investigate vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality, and return bloom for optimum crop load based on different planting densities of adult ‘Fuji’/M.9 apple trees. As plant materials, ‘Fuji’/M.9 apple trees planted at 3.5 × 1.5 m (190 trees per 10 a), 3.5 × 1.2 m (238 trees per 10 a), and 3.2 × 1.2 m (260 trees per 10 a) spacing and trained as slender spindles were used. The crop load was assigned to five different object ranges as follows: 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85-94, and 95-104 fruit per tree. TCA increment, total shoot growth, return bloom, yield per tree, and yield efficiency tended to increase as planting density decreased, and fruit weight and soluble solid content tended to increase as the object range of crop load decreased. Fruit red color tended to increase as shoot growth decreased. For apple trees planted with 238 trees and 260 trees per 10a, biennial bearing occurred when the crop load was over 85-94 and 75-84 fruits, respectively. However, biennial bearing did not occur when the crop load was 95-104 fruits in apple trees planted with 190 trees per 10a. Accumulated yield tended to increase as planting density and crop load increased, but that of biennial bearing did not show such a difference. Based on our results, optimum crop load recommendations are to set 95-104 fruits per tree in ‘Fuji’/M.9 mature apple trees planted at 190 trees per 10a, 75-84 fruits per tree at 238 trees per 10a, and 65-74 fruits per tree at 260 trees per 10a. Additional key words: accumulated yield, fruit red color, Malus domestica Borkh., shoot growth, yield efficiency *Corresponding author: tmyoon@knu.ac.kr ※ Received 13 August 2013; Revised 14 May 2014; Accepted 3 July 2014. C 2015 Korean Society for Horticultural Science    , ,        (Wertheim, 2005).     ,            ,            (Eccher and Granelli, 2006; Hampson et al., 1997; Robinson, 2003).      ,   300/10a (Granger et al., 1986),  Bodensee  400/10a (Weber, 2001),  600 /10a  (Hudina et al,, 2001).  600/10a  300/10a    Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 33(1), February 2015 2 (Widmer and Krebs, 2001) ,  6001,000/10a    200-400/10a   300/10a       (Mika and Piskor, 1997).  M.9          (Yoon et al., 2005),     ‘’/M.9      3.0-3.2×1.0-1.1m(280-330/10a)    (Costa et al., 1997; Eccher and Granelli, 2006; Wertheim, 2005).  Park(2004)  ‘’/M.9  190/10a        .    , ,  ,     (Choi et al., 2009; Foshey and Elfving, 1989). ‘’          (Costa et al., 1997; Ogata et al., 1986; Tustin et al., 1993),                   (Choi et al., 2009). , ‘’/M.9      ,    ‘’/M.9     (Choi et al., 2009; Park et al., 2008),   ‘’/M.9     .    ‘’/M.9      , , 10a           .

Optimum Crop Load in Different Planting Densities of Adult ‘Fuji’/M.9 Apple Tree for Preventing Biennial Bearing and Stabilizing Tree Vigor