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Resum: L’insult, en l’Edat Mitjana, es mes que un mitja per a ofendre un individu. L’omnipresent cultura de l’honor, que impregna la societat i determina el comportament d’homes i dones, el converteix en oprobi, en l’avergonyiment public de la persona injuriada. Les respostes a aquest tipus de situacions eren diverses, en funcio del genere i la posicio social de l’individu i, tambe, del seu criteri personal, pero el ventall d’opcions era ampli: replicar amb altre insult; la violencia; apel·lar als testimonis de la injuria; i, finalment, recorrer als tribunals de justicia. A la Valencia al tombant del Tres-Cents, sembla que aquest ultim recurs era forca frequent, especialment entre les classes populars; i, per aquesta rao, conservem nombrosos clams i demandes que ens han permes observar com es produia i desenvolupava la violencia verbal a la ciutat. En el present article, analitzarem l’insult masculi a finals del llarg segle XIV, parant esment en els termes fets servir mes frequentment; els espais als quals es produien la major part dels episodis; i, finalment, en la centralitat de la violencia fisica com a resultat, resposta o acompanyant de l’ofensa verbal. Paraules clau: insults, honor, injuria, violencia Abstract: Insults were, during the Middle Ages, more than a way to offend an individual. The ubiquituous culture of honour, which impregnated society and determined men’s and women’s behaviour, turned them into vituperation, into the public shaming of the insulted person. The responses to these situations were diverse, and depended on the gender, social standing and, ultimately, personal criteria of the slandered individual, but the range of options was broad: retorting with another insult; responding with violence; appealing to the witnesses of the insult; and, finally, denouncing the insulter at the courts of justice. In Valencia, by the end of the 14th century, it seemed that this last resort was particularly frequent, especially among the populace; for this reason, there have been preserved numerous court claims and prosecution records that allow us to observe how verbal violence occurred in the city. In this article, we will analyze insults against men at the end of the 14th century, focusing specially on the slanders more commonly used; the spaces in which verbal disputes took place; and, finally, on the centrality of physical violence as a result, response or companion to verbal offense. Keywords: insults, honour, slander, violence

Les males paraules: insults masculins a la València baixmedieval