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This paper examines the role and practices of the Quebec Transport Commission (QTC),and attempts to assess the significance of regulatory restrictions in this province andtheir impact on the performance of the Quebec trucking industry. So the interpretation givenby the QTC to the test of "public convenience and necessity" makes the requirement for alicence a major obstacle to entry. The rate approval process in Quebec, on the other hand,appears to be largely a formality; the proportion of requests for rate changes granted inwhole or in part by the QTC tends to generally be well over 90 percent. These aspects, alongwith the significant role of the Quebec Tariff Bureau, suggest that regulation is likely tosubstantially reduce competition and provide for the realization of monopoly rents. However, a number of factors have eroded the influence both of the QTC and the QuebecTariff Bureau. The availability of substitute transport services has substantially reducedthe effects of the QTC's entry restrictions. In this regard, it is refered specifically tothe services of freight brokers and leasing (or pseudo-leasing) firms, and to the potentialalternatives in the form of rail and private carriage. In addition, "illegal trucking" hasbecome an important phenomenon in the province as a result of the rather lax enforcement ofthe Commission's regulations and the low fines for violations. As for the activities of theQuebec Tariff Bureau, it is pointed out that it does not and could not effectively"cartelize" the industry given its inability to enforce rates and production quotas, and thestrong incentive of individual members to undermine any such cartel. An examination of various aspects of the performance of the Quebec trucking industrywas found to confirm the importance of competitive factors. Although some permits in theprovince have acquired a market value, these were estimated to be quite low (as a percentageof operating revenue), well below the levels found for the U.S. This suggests thatregulation is not giving rise to very substantial excess profits for the industry as awhole. A comparison of before-tax rates of return for firms in Quebec and firms in Albertasupports this finding. More generally, the analysis of market structure and performanceleads to the conclusion that trucking regulation in Quebec is largely ineffective. Theavailability of intra-modal and inter-modal substitutes has considerably reduced the impactof regulation on industry performance and greatly diminished its negative consequences forallocative efficiency

La réglementation de l’industrie québécoise du camionnage : aperçu et considérations analytiques