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Cet article a pour objectif de présenter un aperçu des réflexions menées pardiverses institutions européennes et internationales sur l’emploi des personnes en situationde handicap psychique. En premier lieu, l’étude s’attache à rechercher s’il existe unconsensus sur la façon d’appréhender le « handicap psychique ». Si la notion n’est pasexplicitement consacrée par les différentes normes juridiques européennes etinternationales, ces dernières reconnaissent que les personnes souffrant de troublespsychiques peuvent être considérées comme des personnes en situation de handicap. Pourautant, les dispositifs juridiques existants ne semblent pas toujours en mesure d’apporterdes réponses adaptées à l’insertion et au maintien dans l’emploi de personnes en situationde handicap psychique. En second lieu, l’étude identifie donc les recommandations et lesactions qui sont proposées par les différentes instances afin de remédier à ce constat. Cerecensement fait ainsi émerger une certaine porosité entre la prévention de la santé mentaleet la question du handicap psychique.Objectives The aim of this article is to present an overview ofthe reflections led by various European and international organizations on the employment ofpeople with mental disorders.Methods This study is based on data from websites of internationalorganizations and interviews taken place with a disability specialist at the InternationalLabour Organisation (ILO) and members of the European Commission.Results Unlike the French law of 11 February 2005 which refersexpressly to psychic disability, this notion is not explicitly dedicated by various Europeanand international legal rules. However, these standards like the United Nations Conventionon the Rights of Persons with Disabilities have adopted the contemporary model whichpresents disability as the result of an interaction between person and environment. Thusthey acknowledge that disabled people include people suffering from mental disorders becausein the person’s environment, a psychiatric impairment could lead to limitations ofactivities or restrictions of social participation that constitute a situation of disabilityof psychiatric origin. Therefore, the legal mechanisms often do not provide appropriateanswers to the characteristics of psychiatric disability.Besides, negative attitudes, stereotypes and discrimination towards people with apsychiatric disability are still observed in the workplace, in spite of intensifiedanti-discrimination legislation.This study inventories the different proposals to remedy to substantial barriers tothe employment of people with a psychiatric condition. In the European Union’s strategy forincreasing the employment of these persons, particular consideration is given to put forwarda series of key recommendations to improve practices of reasonable accommodation in theworkplace. Nonetheless, it must be emphasized that it is necessary to conceive adequatemeasures in order to take into account the changeability and the unpredictability of mentaldisorders. Indeed, situations of psychiatric disability require flexibility and reactivitymore than any other situation of disability. The discrimination experienced by people with apsychiatric disability is likely to continue as long as specific responses are notimplemented. In this perspective, ILO highlights a number of best practices addressing thechallenges of psychiatric disabled people’s employment. That is why a disability network wascreated to share knowledge. The great added value of this network is the opportunity toshare best practices between companies, best practices between countries in order toincrease the ability to include people with mental disorders. Focus is put on strategies tocombat discrimination in employment, by raising awareness, exploring measures and goodpractices to improve mental health in the workplace.Conclusion Finally, this study shows similar challenges in theprevention of the mental health and the issue of the psychiatric handicap, including toremedy to the insufficient attention paid to provide reasonable accommodation to personswith mental disorders

L’emploi des personnes atteintes de troubles psychiques à l’aune des politiques développées par les institutions européennes et internationales