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Scientifique parmi les plus célèbres de la fin du xviiie siècle et du début du xixe siècle, Pierre-Simon de Laplace se veut un grand vulgarisateur deses découvertes. Son Essai philosophique sur les probabilités témoigne del’importance attachée par le savant à ce domaine, que les philosophes, à son époque,considèrent souvent en marge des autres savoirs scientifiques. À travers cet ouvrage,Laplace essaie, d’une part, d’établir sa puissance institutionnelle et auctoriale et, del’autre, de convaincre aussi bien les savants que les non-scientifiques de la validité deses théories. Nous nous proposons d’analyser ici les dynamiques de vulgarisation des savoirsmises en oeuvre par Laplace dans cet ouvrage afin de démontrer, notamment au moyen desréflexions portant sur des choix discursifs et linguistiques, que celles-ci n’ont quel’apparence d’une vulgarisation, réaffirmant plutôt les enjeux institutionnels et auctoriauxliés au pouvoir, à l’époque laplacienne.Pierre-Simon de Laplace, a scientist among the most famous of the late18th century and early 19th century mathematicians, astronomers andphysicists, and a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences since 1773, served as a greatpopulariser of his own discoveries, especially those in astronomy and in the calculation ofprobabilities. His Essai philosophique sur les probabilités (1814) reflects thedegree of importance that the scientist attributed to this field, one which philosophers atthe time often considered separate from other scientific knowledge. It is through this workthat Laplace tried, on the one hand, to demonstrate its institutional and authorial powerand, on the other, to convince, “without the help of Analysis,” both the scholars and thenon-scientists of his time of the validity of his theories. By paying particular attentionto his discursive and linguistic choices, we propose to analyze the dynamics of the effortsby Laplace to popularize science that are evident in this work in order show that suchchoices not only reveal “apparent” popularisation dynamics, but also reaffirm theinstitutional and auctorial powers at stake during the Laplacian era

Vulgariser la science pour réaffirmer son rôle de savant. L’Essai philosophique sur les probabilités de Laplace