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This paper examines the intersection between the debate on women and the widerpolitical debates of late eighteenth-century England. During this period the meaning ofconcepts such as liberty, equality, and rights was contested not only with regard topolitical relationships among men, but also as they applied to civil and domesticrelationships between men and women. The language of politics encouraged thedefinition of women's oppression in terms of the unrepresentative nature of authorityexercised by men. The values of rationality, equality, and independence espoused byradicals in the debate on women were part of a larger conception of virtue, which carriedwith it political as well as moral implications. These political implications came to thefore in the conservative response. Conservatives' ideas on women were part of a largervision of social and political order in which duty, obedience, and dependence operated asthe unifying principles. Within this framework, radical proposals for a more egalitarianfamily structure were viewed as a potential threat to political order. At the heart of thisdebate lay not only a dispute regarding the condition of women, but also a strugglebetween two conflicting visions of the ideal society.L'étude veut analyser le lien qui a existé entre les débats sur les femmes et les débatspolitiques plus généraux dans l'Angleterre de la fin du XVIlle siècle. A cette époque, oncontestait la signification de concepts comme liberté, égalité et droits, non seulementpour les relations politiques entre hommes, mais aussi pour les relations sociales etfamiliales entre hommes et femmes. Dans le débat politique, on en vint à définirl'oppression des femmes en fonction du caractère non représentatif de l'autorité exercéepar les hommes. La valeur des concepts de rationalité, d'égalité et d'indépendance,défendus par les radicaux dans leurs plaidoyers en faveur des femmes, faisaient partied'une conception plus large de la vertu, qui avait des implications aussi bien politiquesque morales. C'est la prise de position des conservateurs qui mettait les implicationspolitiques au premier rang. Leur philosophie sur les femmes faisait partie d'une visionplus large de l'ordre social et politique, dont le devoir, la soumission et la dépendanceassuraient l'unité. Dans ce cadre, la revendication des radicaux pour une structurefamiliale plus égalitaire était perçu comme une menace à l'ordre politique

Rational Creatures and Free Citizens: The Language of Politics in the Eighteenth‑Century Debate on Women