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Begun in the middle of the 19th century the demographic transition will have soon reached almost all of the world s countries. Such transition also involves social and economic changes. Now during a second wave of transformation the Western world is going through a sort of revolution of its familial system linked to changes in the systems of reproduction. Marriage long considered to be a permanent union is increasingly threatened as couples declare the failure of their unions. During the mid-1970s one began to see a greater degree of cohabitation outside of marriage while legal marriage diminished in importance. These events challenged the definition of family after which there was an increase in the number of free unions of varying duration and either fecund or not. Marriage coresidence of the couple then childbearing became less common. Rather that pattern is often replaced by unions other than marriage where partners progress through unions with new and different partners and where certain individuals go through rather long periods of single parenthood. The authors note works undertaken on marriage and free union. After exploring the theoretical explanations proposed by demographers the authors review studies on the progression from free union the dynamics of free union creation and dissolution the role of conception or child birth in the establishment of an union or its evolution into marriage and the links between cohabitation with marriage and fertility.

L’union libre et le mariage : un bilan des travaux en démographie